Energy analytics glossary.

Technology that automatically collects energy consumption data from meters and transmits it to a central system - eliminating manual reads, reducing billing errors and enabling far more granular analysis. Most commercial meters above a certain threshold are required to be AMR-enabled.

The automated identification of unusual patterns in energy data that may indicate equipment faults, meter errors, waste or unexpected behaviour. EnerlyticsAI uses machine learning to flag anomalies in real time, reducing the time to diagnosis from weeks to minutes.

A technical connection that allows different software systems to share data automatically. EnerlyticsAI's API enables integration with existing ERP, BMS, procurement and finance systems - eliminating manual data export and import.

The minimum level of energy a site consumes continuously, typically representing equipment that is never switched off: servers, refrigeration, security systems. Identifying and reducing baseload is often the quickest energy saving opportunity.

A computer-based control system installed in buildings to monitor and automate energy-consuming services including HVAC, lighting, heating and ventilation. BEMS data can be integrated with EnerlyticsAI to provide a complete picture of building-level consumption.

The charge that recovers the cost of balancing electricity supply and demand on the national transmission network in real time. Passed from National Grid to suppliers and on to customers. Increasingly volatile as renewable generation grows.

The amount of CO₂ emitted per unit of energy consumed or per unit of output. The UK grid carbon intensity fluctuates in real time depending on the generation mix - a data point increasingly used to time flexible energy demand.

A rating of a building's energy efficiency on a scale of A (most efficient) to G (least efficient), based on its construction and installed services - not actual usage. Required when a building is sold, let or constructed.

A UK environmental tax charged on energy supplied to non-domestic users, applied at the point of supply by your energy supplier. Rates differ across electricity, gas, LPG and coal. Businesses that have signed a Climate Change Agreement (CCA) with the Environment Agency may qualify for a significant discount. CCL appears as a separate line item on commercial energy bills — making it one of the charges EnerlyticsAI validates as part of bill checking.

The standard unit used to express greenhouse gas emissions regardless of which gas produced them. Different gases trap heat at different rates - methane, for example, is significantly more potent than CO₂ over a 100-year period. CO2e converts all of them into a single comparable figure using each gas's Global Warming Potential. Every carbon figure in EnerlyticsAI - across Scope 1, 2 and 3 - is expressed in CO2e, making your emissions comparable across years, sites and reporting frameworks.

The government-mandated organisation that manages the secure national infrastructure connecting smart meters to energy suppliers, network operators and other authorised parties. All SMETS2 meters communicate via the DCC.

A certificate displaying the actual energy performance of a public building based on metered consumption over the past 12 months. Legally required for public buildings over 250m² and must be displayed prominently.

The default supply contract that applies when a business uses energy at a site without having signed a supply agreement. Deemed rates are typically significantly higher than contracted rates - making deemed contract identification a quick win for energy managers.

The ability to reduce or shift energy demand in response to grid signals or price incentives. Organisations with flexible loads (refrigeration, EV charging, battery storage) can earn revenue or avoid peak charges by participating in demand response programmes.

The company that owns and operates the electricity distribution network in a specific geographic region of the UK. There are 14 licensed DNOs covering different areas. DNO charges (DUoS) form part of every electricity bill.

Charges for using the local electricity distribution network, included in supplier bills. Rates vary by DNO region, voltage level and time of day (Red, Amber, Green bands) - making time-of-use analysis valuable for large consumers.

Software used to monitor, control and optimise energy consumption across one or more sites. Modern EMS platforms like EnerlyticsAI layer AI and machine learning on top of consumption data to automate anomaly detection, forecasting and reporting.

The specific quantitative measures chosen by an organisation to track and improve energy performance under ISO 50001. Common examples include kWh per unit of production, kWh per m² or energy cost per revenue £.

A rating of a building's energy efficiency on a scale of A (most efficient) to G (least efficient), based on its construction and installed services - not actual usage. Required when a building is sold, let or constructed.

The framework used by investors, lenders and regulators to assess an organisation's sustainability and ethical performance. Energy consumption data feeds directly into the E component, making accurate metering and carbon reporting essential for any ESG strategy.

A mandatory UK government programme requiring large organisations (250+ employees, or £44m+ turnover and balance sheet) to carry out in-depth assessments of their energy use every four years. EnerlyticsAI automates the data collection and reporting needed to satisfy ESOS requirements.

An energy purchasing strategy where contracts are structured to allow buyers to purchase tranches of energy at different times rather than fixing a price upfront for the entire contract period. Requires accurate consumption forecasting and active portfolio management.

The most widely used international accounting standard for measuring and managing greenhouse gas emissions. Establishes the Scope 1, 2 and 3 framework that underpins SECR, ESOS and most corporate sustainability reporting.

A measure of how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere relative to CO₂ over a given timeframe, typically 100 years. CO₂ has a GWP of 1. Methane is approximately 28, nitrous oxide around 265. GWP values are set by the IPCC and updated periodically - the conversion factors used in your carbon reporting should reflect the latest published figures to remain compliant with SECR and GHG Protocol requirements.

An electricity meter that records energy consumption in 30 minute intervals and automatically submits usage data for settlement and analysis. Half-hourly data enables detailed energy monitoring, load profiling, demand analysis and anomaly detection, and is widely used across larger commercial and industrial sites.

An internationally recognised standard that provides a framework for organisations to improve energy performance systematically. Requires organisations to set measurable energy performance indicators (EnPIs) and demonstrate continuous improvement.

A graphical or tabular representation of energy consumption over time - typically 30-minute intervals - showing how demand varies by hour, day, week or season. Used to identify waste, optimise procurement and detect anomalies.

A branch of artificial intelligence in which algorithms learn patterns from data without being explicitly programmed. In energy analytics, ML is used for anomaly detection, consumption forecasting, fault identification and optimisation recommendations.

A unique 21-digit reference number identifying every electricity supply point in Great Britain. The MPAN is the key identifier used when switching supplier, requesting HH data, and reconciling invoices. The first digit indicates the Distribution Network Operator.

The gas equivalent of an MPAN - a unique identifier for a specific gas supply point. Required for data access, supplier switching and invoice validation.

The systematic process of collecting, analysing and acting on energy data to identify waste, set consumption targets and track performance over time. M&T is the foundation of any effective energy management programme and a core requirement of ISO 50001.

Achieving a balance between the greenhouse gases emitted and those removed from the atmosphere. The UK government has committed to net zero by 2050. For most organisations, this requires a combination of deep emissions reduction and credible carbon removal or offsetting.

A traditional electricity meter where energy consumption is not recorded or settled in half-hourly intervals. Usage is typically estimated using industry profiling data, with readings collected manually or periodically through automated meter reads.

The independent UK regulator for gas and electricity markets. Sets supplier licensing conditions, oversees consumer protection, and regulates the gas and electricity network companies. Issues guidance that shapes how energy data must be collected and shared.

A long-term contract between an energy buyer and a renewable energy generator, typically for 10-25 years. PPAs provide price certainty and allow organisations to directly source renewable electricity - increasingly important for Net Zero strategies and ESG reporting

A rating of a building's energy efficiency on a scale of A (most efficient) to G (least efficient), based on its construction and installed services - not actual usage. Required when a building is sold, let or constructed.

Greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled by an organisation — such as gas boilers, company vehicles and on-site generators. Scope 1 must be reported under SECR for qualifying organisations.

Emissions associated with purchased electricity, heat, steam or cooling. Scope 2 reporting can use a market-based method (reflecting contracted renewable energy) or a location-based method (using grid average factors). Both are reportable under SECR.

All indirect emissions occurring in an organisation's supply chain and value chain - from purchased goods to employee commuting to end-of-life treatment of sold products. The most complex and typically the largest portion of a company's carbon footprint.

UK regulation requiring qualifying companies to disclose their energy use, carbon emissions and energy efficiency actions in their annual Directors' Report. Applies to large companies and LLPs. EnerlyticsAI generates SECR-compliant reports automatically.

The current generation of UK smart meters, introduced to resolve the key limitation of SMETS1 (which locked customers to a single supplier). SMETS2 meters can switch suppliers without losing smart functionality and feed data into the national DCC network.

The installation of additional meters downstream of a site's main meter to measure energy use at department, floor, equipment or process level. Sub-metering provides the granularity needed to identify exactly where waste is occurring.

Charges paid for using the national high-voltage electricity transmission network, recovered from generators and suppliers and passed through to customers. TNUoS charges are calculated partly based on consumption during Triad periods for HH-metered sites

An organisation or individual who acts between a business and an energy supplier to provide advice on energy procurement, contract negotiation and management. Also known as an energy broker or energy consultant. EnerlyticsAI provides a white-label platform for TPIs to deliver data services to their clients.

The three periods of highest national electricity demand on the GB electricity transmission network, historically used to calculate certain TNUoS charges for HH-metered sites. Organisations often manage consumption during potential Triad periods to reduce transmission-related energy costs.